Small Animal Internal Medicine
seimyoung Han
Articles in Press, Accepted Manuscript, Available Online from 07 May 2024
Abstract
A 7-year-old castrated male poodle was brought to the referral animal medical center and was diagnosed with diabetes and pancreatitis. One month later, the patient presented with cloudy urine, and ultrasonography revealed a large number of spherical substances. The patient was subsequently diagnosed ...
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A 7-year-old castrated male poodle was brought to the referral animal medical center and was diagnosed with diabetes and pancreatitis. One month later, the patient presented with cloudy urine, and ultrasonography revealed a large number of spherical substances. The patient was subsequently diagnosed with fungal cystitis with Candida albicans. Initially, itraconazole (10 mg/kg, bid) was prescribed for 6 weeks, and the symptoms of prolonged urination improved; however, the fungal balls persisted in the bladder. Six months later, the patient showed recurrent symptoms, such as dysuria and stranguria; therefore, fluconazole was prescribed (5 mg/kg, bid); however, it was not effective. Subsequently, caspofungin (1 mg/kg, sid) was administered for 3 consecutive days. Finally, the fungal balls in the bladder disappeared. The patient was regularly monitored after completion of treatment and, 17 months later, doing well without recurrence. Few reports exist on the use of caspofungin in veterinary medicine. The recommended dose of caspofungin in dogs remains unknown. In the case of azole-resistant Candida, treatment using caspofungin should be considered, although additional studies on the established dosing and side effects are needed.
Small Animal Internal Medicine
Sei-Myoung Han
Volume 15, Issue 3 , March 2024, , Pages 119-123
Abstract
Acute pancreatitis (AP) can develop into life-threatening conditions such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Thirty-nine of 54 client-owned dogs admitted to the Referral Animal Medical Center and diagnosed with AP within 24 hr of onset were retrospectively ...
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Acute pancreatitis (AP) can develop into life-threatening conditions such as systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) or multiple organ dysfunction syndrome. Thirty-nine of 54 client-owned dogs admitted to the Referral Animal Medical Center and diagnosed with AP within 24 hr of onset were retrospectively reviewed to assess early predictors of progression from AP to SIRS. The patients were divided into SIRS (SIRS occurring after AP) and non-SIRS (AP occurring but no SIRS) groups. The population and mean values of laboratory variables within 24 hr of admission were assessed and compared between both groups. There were significantly more dogs with abnormal lactate levels in the SIRS group (80.00%) than non-SIRS group (11.10%). Other parameters did not differ significantly. Mean lactate level values were significantly higher at 3.64 ± 1.75 mmol in the SIRS group compared to 1.68 ± 0.52 mmol in the non-SIRS group. The increased energy required by activated immune cells may lead to metabolic changes characterized by anaerobic glycolysis and increased lactate production. This study’s results suggest blood lactate monitoring in the early stages of progression from AP to SIRS in small animal clinical practice. Measuring lactate levels at the early stages of pancreatitis could lead to rapid therapeutic intervention for SIRS and ultimately reduce mortality.
